translation

Abstract

Abstract This pedagogical handout introduces third-year EFL students to the fundamental principles of translation as both a linguistic and intercultural process. It presents core concepts such as equivalence, meaning transfer, and translation strategies, while highlighting common difficulties encountered when translating between English and Arabic. The course emphasizes practical translation skills through guided exercises, authentic texts, and error analysis, enabling students to develop accuracy, clarity, and cultural awareness. By integrating theory with practice, the handout aims to strengthen students’ translation competence and prepare them for more advanced studies in translation.